REWIND The 1960s

22 November 1963

The Kennedy assassination

A president was shot in an open car in the middle of a working Friday, and American television found out what it was for.

President Kennedy's motorcade in Dallas, Texas, 22 November 1963

The motorcade, Dallas, 22 November 1963. 1963. Library of Congress, Prints & Photographs Division

12:30 pm
Shots fired in Dealey Plaza (CST)
1:00 pm
Pronounced dead at Parkland Hospital
2:38 pm
Johnson sworn in aboard Air Force One
4 days
Of near-continuous network television

Friday lunchtime

Dealey Plaza

The motorcade was running a few minutes late through downtown Dallas on a clear, warm day. The bubble top was off the car because the weather was good and the crowds were large.

The shots were fired at about 12:30 pm as the car turned onto Elm Street. The President was taken to Parkland Memorial Hospital and pronounced dead at 1:00 pm. Governor John Connally, in the same car, was badly wounded and survived.

Lyndon Johnson took the oath of office aboard Air Force One at Dallas Love Field at 2:38 pm, with Jacqueline Kennedy standing beside him still wearing the suit she had worn that morning.

The first time

What television did

The networks dropped their schedules and stayed on the air for four days without commercials — the first time American television had done anything like it. Walter Cronkite's on-air confirmation, taking off his glasses to check the clock, is the version most people carry.

Two days later Lee Harvey Oswald was shot by Jack Ruby in the basement of Dallas police headquarters, live, while being transferred. It was the first killing broadcast as it happened to a national audience.

The funeral on 25 November was watched by an estimated audience larger than any previous television event in the United States.

Robert F. Kennedy with Jacqueline Kennedy in the aftermath of the assassination
Robert F. Kennedy with Jacqueline Kennedy.1963. Library of Congress, Prints & Photographs Division
The statue of Abraham Lincoln at the Lincoln Memorial
The Lincoln Memorial, photographed in the days after.1963. Library of Congress, Prints & Photographs Division

1964 and since

The Warren Commission

The President's Commission on the Assassination of President Kennedy, chaired by Chief Justice Earl Warren, reported in September 1964 and concluded that Oswald acted alone. Its findings have been argued over ever since, including by a later House select committee that reached a different conclusion about conspiracy while agreeing Oswald fired.

Rewind does not adjudicate that. The commission's own volumes are public and linked below; they are more interesting than most of what has been written about them.

Sequence

22 November 1963

  1. 11:40 am
    Love Field

    Air Force One lands in Dallas. The motorcade forms up for the drive downtown.

  2. 12:30 pm
    Elm Street

    Shots are fired as the car passes the Texas School Book Depository.

  3. 12:38 pm
    Parkland

    The car reaches Parkland Memorial Hospital.

  4. 1:00 pm
    Pronounced dead

    The President is pronounced dead. The announcement is made publicly at about 1:38.

  5. 1:50 pm
    Texas Theatre

    Lee Harvey Oswald is arrested in a cinema in Oak Cliff.

  6. 2:38 pm
    The oath

    Lyndon B. Johnson is sworn in as president aboard Air Force One.

  7. 24 Nov
    Oswald is shot

    Jack Ruby shoots Oswald in the police headquarters basement, on live television.

  8. 25 Nov
    The funeral

    A state funeral in Washington, watched by most of the country.

Central Standard Time.

Where this came from